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  • The Lord’s Supper and Other Rituals of Hospitality

    Us Baptists say we don't go in for ritual. A living faith doesn't need a script, a performance, a ritual. And as for liturgy, a whole service by the book, is too near to a scripting of the Spirit, that too is a no, no! Or so we like to think.

    But I've had to listen to countless extempore prayers which lack the deep down freshness of words that are both original enough to fly below our complacency and familiar enough to pull our hearts back to the One who calls us here, and in whose name we eat this bread and drink this wine. And I know of no Baptist Church communion service where certain prescribed actions are not performed; reading of Scripture to ground the 'institution of the Lord's Supper; prayers of thanksgiving for bread and wine; the giving out of bread, now nearly always eaten as taken; the distribution of wine, in little glass, or worse, plastic glasses, as if it was a free sample at a local produce market. Singing a song or two, before or after. With minor variations that is the Baptist communion ritual.

    I personally think ritual is important, and good Liturgy is one of the Church's ancient and modern treasures. The question is whether the ritual is more than mere ritual; the issue is how much emotional, intellectual, spiritual and personal investment is poured into the words, the actions and thoughts expressed in this regularly rehearsed and performed ritual. There's a place for beauty, symbol, gensture, colour, music and sound tuned to worship, words carefully crafted into devotion, so that what is done doesn't just happen – it is, and is intended to be, an event.

    Frederick Buechner as so often, sees through the self-righteousness of those who are too spiritual for their own good, and shows up the ignorance and poverty of Christian imagination.

    "A ritual is the perfromance of an intuition, the rehearsal of a dream, the playing of a game. A sacrament is the breaking through of the  sacred into the profance; a ritual is the ceremonial acting out of the profane in order to show forth its sacredness.

    A sacrament is God offering his holiness to men and women; a ritual is a man or woman raising up the holiness of their humanity to God."

    DSC01950Ritual is essential in human life. Courtesy is dependent on ritual, the handshake, deference and good manners at the table, introducing a stranger by name and offering the names of others; hospitality is at its best as a ritual of welcome, a well practiced enactment of pleasure at the presence of an other. 

    Rightly performed, and invested with emotional integrity, ritual provides important structures to our hopes, cares, fears and delights. So yes, when I come to worship I am looking for ritual, not mere ritual, but that rehearsal of important words, significant actions, shared symbols, and the regular recalling of the why and what of our faith. So even if it's diced bread and small plastic wine receptacles, the breaking and pouring, the sharing and drinking, the remembering together and speaking Gospel words together, these rituals of a Body enacting the life and death and resurrection of Jesus, are of great importance. Ritual only becomes empty ritual, not when it is empty, but when the hearts that perform it lack the passionate love and faithful obedience of to Jesus. Such passionate love and faithful obedience seeks to turn every ritual into worship, to convert every radical action into service, tries to ensure every imaginative thought is made captive to Christ, and asks God to transfigure every routine tedium into the silver and gold of a Kingdom in which faith, hope and love are the default settings of Christian existence.

    The cake in the picture was part of our family ritual for Sheila's birthday – baked by Andrew (our son). It was consumed with well rehearsed alacrity, and I have to confess, without too much deferring to one another.

  • Badgers, B&B, the Disruption of 1843 and a Woodpecker-fest.

    Just been up the Moray Coast for a few days enjoying sunshine, looking up some friends and taking it easy.West-manseSo. Booked B&B at the West Manse in Deskford, near Cullen. The Proprietors, Chris and Peter are interesting, fun, very hospitable and we had a great stay with them.

    Peter showed me a book on the history of Orkney Baptists which is fascinating, full of that mixture of pious narrative and specific detail that makes up so much of local church history writing, when the history makes no attempt whatsoever to be impartial. That doesn't make it untrue, it just means you have to remind yourself of the context of the narrator and the narrative. I've come away with a loan of the book – thanks to a generous fellow historian. The book belonged to a 92 year old Orkney Baptist who was baptised in the sea 80 years ago, and who died 6 years ago.

    We sat up waiting for the local badger to appear, which he did around 11.15. We talked about quilting, their time in Orkney, the story of the Manse, tapestry, the Disruption, and the fascinating details of the finance ledger of the original Deskford Free Church from 1843 to 1904 – Peter is preparing a paper for the local historical society on the entries to the book. Fascinating – including the amount this new, local and quite small congregation were prepared to contribute annually for the building of New College Edinburgh, the new training centre for Free Church ministers.

    I got up early and sat in the conservatory watching the birds feeding – a great spotted woodpecker doing its ususal heid-banger thing, a green woodpecke*r likewise drilling at the peanuts, nervous shy siskins, coal, blue and great tits, and I heard but didn't see the yellow hammer, and all this while reading my holiday book, with a cup of tea, the patio doors open, and wearing sunglasses already in the early sun.

    The book is a good reason to go back – but we will anyway; there is unfinished conversation about stuff.

    * Just had an email exchange with Pete and he points out, rightly, that a green woodpecker would be way off its usual patch that far North. Which is a puzzle, because it was a woodpecker, and it was green, and they were on separate bird feeding tubes at the same time. So not sure what it was – a juvenile great spotted would be much less distinctive, but not green. I checked it out on my vast two volume Forrester and Andrews set on Scottish Birds. It isn't impossible but would be pretty unlikely, especially in the breeding season, for a green woodpecker to be so far north. So puzzle unsolved – I was awake, it was green, it was a woodpecker, I've seen them before, but it shouldn't have been there. Happy to hear from other twitchers about this.

  • Wild Geese and the Homing Instinct for God

    This poem is posted because I like it.

    It may be Mary Oliver's most anthologised poem. That's another reason for posting it. If so many editors choose it, it must say something important.

    Living in Westhill, geese fly over and around us every year, long skeins of them. It's the season after Pentecost, and the wild goose is a Celtic symbol of the wild freedom of the Holy Spirit, the creative, urgent movement of life and the homing instinct for God. Another reason to post it.

    Whatever else Paul meant by his insistence that Christian existence is to live in the Spirit, he meant to the wild freedom and the homing instinct that makes us long for God.

    It wasn't written as a Pentecost poem – but I read it and wish I had wings.

    Wild Geese

    You do not have to be good.
    You do not have to walk on your knees
    for a hundred miles through the desert repenting.
    You only have to let the soft animal of your body
    love what it loves.
    Tell me about despair, yours, and I will tell you mine.
    Meanwhile the world goes on.
    Meanwhile the sun and the clear pebbles of the rain
    are moving across the landscapes,
    over the prairies and the deep trees,
    the mountains and the rivers.
    Meanwhile the wild geese, high in  the clean blue air,
    are heading home again.
    Whoever you are, no matter how lonely,
    the world offers itself to your imagination,
    calls to you like the wild geese, harsh and exciting-
    over and over announcing your place
    In the family of things.                             

  • Romans 1.12 and Teachers as Learners and Learners as Teachers

    Handley-mouleBishop Handley Carr Glynn Moule was one of the most effective expositors of the early Keswick holiness teaching. He grounded the Keswick experience of sanctification as an experience of full surrender to Jesus as Lord in careful exegesis of the New Testament, enriched and guided by a moderate Calvinism, and after his own experience of a new grace and power, that theology became an articulation of his own spiritual experience. 

    You can trace the transition by reading his earlier commentary on Romans in the Cambridge Bible, (1879) and comparing it with his later commentary in the Expositor's Bible (1894). I remember reading these two commentaries in parallel when I was writing about the courteous but principled disagreement between two fine Anglican Bishops, Ryle and Moule. For Ryle the idea of a final or continuing victory over sin and inner spiritual conflict was contrary to the clear teaching of the Bible and the universal experience of Christian struggle against sin as a lifetime of conflict, frustration of intention, and struggle towards holiness. For Moule, whose earlier commentary affirmed that same experience of inner contradiction, he had moved to an experience which, after his full surrender to Christ, affirmed the victory that only Christ can give to the soul which is surrendered fully to the indwelling Lord, crucified and risen, whose life is now lived through the experience of the regenerate soul by the power of the Spirit.

    These were the days when Anglican Bishops argued with passion on Pauline theology, christian existence and the crucial distinctions in Christian experience that made all the difference to how we understand the Gospel. And did so with Bible in hand and with the orchestra of theological tradition and biblical exegesis in full symphonic performance.

    All of which brings me in a roundabout way to Moule's earlier wee commentary on Romans. It's 270 pages, six and a half by four and a half inches, and fits nicely into an anorak pocket! Does anyone wear anoraks now? OK, a jacket pocket. Reading through it again as my daily devotions I came across the Bishop's quaint comment on Romans 1.12. This is where Paul, in full rhetorical and diplomatic flow says,

    "For I long to see you that I may impart unto you some spiritual gift, to the end you may be established; that is that I may be comforted together with you by the mutual faith both of you and me."

    Here is Moule, his language that of a Victorian church statesman:

    "The tact of the apostle is only an exquisite combination of sympathy and judgement; he speaks the true word, in the right place, and from the heart. It would be shallow criticism indeed which would see here only an ingenious religious compliment. To the sincere Christian teacher nothing is  more real than the reflex aid he [or she] receives among Christian learners." page 55 

    Now that last sentence should be written on the door of every theological college classroom! The best teachers are learners and good learners are brilliant teachers.

    Moule's stately Victorian language lends gravitas to one of the key pedagogic dispositions of the teacher – lifelong teachability. I haven't checked, but I'm not sure I'd expect to find Moule's application of Paul's rhetoric in some of the contemporary Romans heavyweights, but I'm repared to be corrected by those willing to go look. For now, I'm grateful to God for 'the reflex aid I've recieved among Christian learners.'

  • Trinity, Tapestry and God’s Irreducible Ineffability

    DSC01947

    A couple of years ago I had a first go at trying to express theology in tapestry. I'd been reading several books on Trinitarian theology and wondered if some of the mystery and meaning of God's Triune life of love can be expressed in colour, shape and symbol. The result was this panel, now framed and hanging in our hall.

    Some of it is obvious in its references and inner nudges; however overall it plays with ideas without trying to resolve them through overloaded significance. It neither seeks to explain or depict, how could words or images or sounds do that. But it does allow the play of ideas, and an expression through art however limited the mind of the artist, of the desire of intellect and heart to understand and respond as adequately as created finitude can to the One who bewilders by beauty, graces with goodness and touches the heart of all creation with truth.

    "God's cognitive availability through divine revelation allows us, Irenaeus believed, to predicate descriptions of God that are true as far as we can make them, while God's irreducible ineffability nonetheless renders even our best predications profoundly inadequate" George Hunsinger, 'Postliberal Theology' in Camridge Companion to Postmodern Theology, ed. Vanhoozer, p.47

    The tapestry is called Perichoresis. It is true as far as I can make it…and profoundly inadequate. Like all theology.

     

  • Trinity in Haiku for Trinity Sunday – The Joy of 17 Syllable Theology

    Triune God

    Holy Trinity!

    Grace-filled life in fellowship,

    Love in triplicate!

     

    Father

    Living Creator,

    Creative adventurer,

    Father of mercies.

     

    Son

    Reconciling Son,

    Redeeming Ambassador,

    Love as surrender.

     

    Spirit

    Comforting Spirit,

    Articulate Paraclete,

    Truthful Advocate.

     

    God is Love

    Perichoresis!

    Cappadocian genius!

    Love co-inhering!

      

    Written as an exercise in theology pared down to the essentials of language, within the discipline of form, but with appropriate playfulness.

  • Moltmann and Hope: “Love looks to the as yet unrealised possibilities of the other…”

     

    I am all for passion in theology. What is impressive about Moltmann is his awareness that his early theology was partial, tendentious, passionate and committed. To break through the learned complacency of a generation more interested in the anxieties of the present and ways of escaping them, than in genuine risk-taking hopefulness for a more just and peaceful future, Moltmann wote a book concerned with looking at life through the lens of hope, rather than fixing eyes only on the present. More than twenty years ago, as a man in his middle sixties Moltmann wrote in this preface, "The older and more self-critical one becomes, the more one values the ruthless radicalism of one's youth."

    These are brave and wise words, indicating a theologian who acknowledges the limits of his vision, and the missed turnings in his journeys, but who does not apologise because all theologies are partial – what is important is the passion for truth, the openness to the new, and the expectations of a Christian standpoint that is future oriented towards the God who comes to us in Jesus Christ, in the power of the Spirit and in the eschaton when God will be all in all. And that hope far from being mere vision, is itself the source of energy, sacrifice and commitment to the Kingdom of the Crucified and Risen and Coming One, as we too seek to incarnate the love of God in Christ, in the embodied practices of those who, as peacemakers and ministers of reconciliation, are called to be and dare allow themelves to be called, the children of God.

    No wonder Moltmann finished his preface with words of prophetic assurance: " 'Do not despise the dreams of your youth' says someone in one of Schiller's plays. And as I write the words I am again heart and soul in the visions of Theology of Hope, 25 years ago."

    The book finishes wih these words, from a book which remains one of the great contributions Moltmann has made to Christian theology over the past 50 or more years:

     "As a result of this hope in God's future, this present world becomes free in believing eyes from all attempts at self-redemption or self-production through labour, and it becomes open for loving, ministering self-expenditure in the interests of a humanizing of conditions and in the interests of a the realization of justice in light of the coming justice of God. This means, however, that the hope of resurrection must bring about a new understanding of the world."

    As regular readers will note – I'm back, new computer, and Microsoft 8.1, the mysteries and frustrations of which make it all the more imperative to have a theology of hope!!!

     

  • Liturgy for the Demise of a Laptop?

    Regular readers will have noticed a slowing of posts – this isn't blog fatigue. My laptop has terminal symptoms and I'm in the process of replacing it. So blogging opportunities are a bit limited.

    Is there a Laptop Funeral Liturgy out there? All you imaginative, contextual and practical theologians – are there appropriate words and prayers for a dying computer – loss of memory (RAM), terminal slowness (AGE), loss of communication (wi-fi and cable!), the detectable disintegration of the life force (processor / Hard Drive). And words of thanksgiving for a friend who has put up with my thinking and writing, surfing and downloading, key-board hammering and frantic mouse movements for years. It wouldn't be true to say nobody had a bad word to say about my computer – I often did! Nor that it never did anyone any harm – it lost a lot of my stuff!

    But it has been a long time companion; there are many things I couldn't have done without it. It has kept me in touch with hundreds of people, dozens of colleagues and many a friend. It shares my enthusiasm for photographs and has happily stored years of digital images which are part of the story of my life. It has travelled 17000 miles a year with me for the past 4 years, and apart fro  cracked casing is still in one piece.

    So a prayer of thanksgiving for a Laptop to celebrate how a wee machine can be such an important part of life. OK – that has gone as far as it can go. It's a flipping computer not a person; technology not human; disposable, replaceable and obsolete – unlike human beings.

    Next week or so I'll post when I can.

  • Pentecost – “Cartwheels across the sun”.

     

    One of my favourite Pentecost poems.The freedom and wildness of the Spirit is divine subversion unimpressed with every attempt to pin down Pentecost to a date in the liturgy, or anything else contrived for our own convenience.

    PENTECOST

    I share and share and share again

    sometimes with a new language

    which, if you are so open

    will take you behind the sky

    and award you cartwheels across the sun

    I give and give and give again

    not restricted by the church calendar

    or concocted ritual

    I have no need of anniversaries

    for I have always been

    I speak and speak and speak again

    with the sting of purity

    causing joyous earthquakes in the mourning soul of man

    I am and am and am again.

    Stewart Henderson.

  • Simone Weil: Sometimes Holiness is Weird Before It Is Wonderful.

    Simone Weil is hard to understand. That’s a reason for reading her. Simone Weil was weird and one of those people who give saints a bad name. But what do we expect of people whose sanctity offends our most cherished presuppositions? Holiness isn't temperamentally tidy or comfortably predictable, and often is not remotely familiar. Her biographer describes Simone Weil as ‘unclassifiable’, someone who believed that ‘to be always relevant you have to say things that are eternal’.

    Her lived anguish over the agonies of the world, (she died in 1943) the spiritual importance she placed on uncompromising self-immolation, the coalescence in her of supreme individualism and determined asceticism, made her , well, weird. But such characteristics generated in her laser lights of insight into the meaning of love – the love of God both terrible and tender; the call on human personality to learn to dwell in deepest Hades and highest Heaven and find God in love is indeed there, or not; and love for others, neighbour and enemy, and both with their humanity claiming forgiveness, atonement, compassion and service.

    I’ve just been reading Nancey Murphy’s essay again, ‘Agape and Nonviolence’,[i] and she explores some of Weil’s thought on this. Here are a couple of extracts from Weil, via Nancey Murphy:

    “To forgive debts. To accept the past without asking for future compensation. To stop time at the present instant. This is also the acceptance of death…To harm a person is to receive something from him. What? What have we gained (and what will have to be repaid) when we have done harm? We have gained in importance.  We have expanded. We have filled an emptiness in ourselves by creating one in somebody else.”  Gravity and Grace (London: Routledge, 1992) 6.

    That isn’t the stuff you come across in any ‘how to’ book I know. It isn’t the stuff that feeds our hunger for ways to increase our self-esteem. The opposite. The aim of nonviolence is to ensure we do not diminish the other person. I guess what she is saying is that a Christian doesn’t try to make someone ‘pay’ for what they have done to us. I told you she was weird, and hard to understand.

    But sometimes her uncompromising, unreasonable so called wisdom reminds me of someone who understood the foolishness of the cross.



    [i] Visions of Agape, Craig Boyd (ed.) (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008), 68-9.