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  • Sin matters but God matters more!

    41yzANmNuIL._SL500_AA300_ Sometimes sin appears when you're not looking for it. Yesterday was a semi-holiday, by which I mean I was still off work, but spent some of the time reading God Matters, Herbert McCabe. When he died in 2001, the Church lost one of its sharpest minds and most gifted homileticians. It's dated now, but his critical review of The Myth of God Incarnate in 1977 (chapters 5 and 6 here) is a model of precise dissection worthy of Silent Witness! McCabe several times alludes to what he sees as a cardinal sin in theology, "intellectual muddle". His review provoked some of the "Myth's" contributors into an exchange they didn't win!

    However, back to sin. In this volume there is a long sermon for Easter, divided into three shorter chapters. In the first of these, on Maundy Thursday and the Eucharist, in several lucid sentences, McCabe sheds light on the dark shadowy mystery we call sin.

    "Sin is the disunity of people, their deep disunity. Sin too, is a mystery; it is not to be identified with what we see on the surface. I do not mean by this that sin is some hidden 'spiritual' reality quite distinct from the physical facts of cruelty and greed; I mean it is the depth within our quarrels and disunity and dislikes. Sin is the seriousness within human injustice, where it becomes a matter of what God we serve…. Sin is the mysterious depth within the alienation and isolation of people from each other. Sin is not to be identified with the more obvious signs of human separation, any more than real unity in love can be identified with superficial friendliness and cheerfulness."

    Herbert McCabe, God Matters (London: Continuum, 2010)  pp. 79-80.

    03footwash_s The Eucharist, the table and what happens at it, is the context within which McCabe explores sin and love, human failure and divine response, the cosmic tragedy of evil redeemed by love on a scale capable of renewing and restoring creation to truth, beauty and goodness, a reconciliation of all reality on a Colossian scale. And the Eucharist is consequently the place where divine sacrifice is acknowledged and thanksgiving offered, the place where the Word of God made flesh and matter communicates itself to the gathered people and through them to the created and human world, so that the table is the one place where more than anywhere else on earth, the love and wisdom of God are celebrated, appropriated, shared and communicated to a God-loved world.

    The Eucharist, where bread and wine are offered and received, becomes therefore the place where sin is best understood and named as the alienating, isolating, life-denying contradiction of God's creative love; and therefore the place where sin meets its antithesis and its antidote. The table, and the celebrated Eucharist, is where as nowhere else, the Gospel is proclaimed and enacted, and points to what a very different theologian, James Denney, called "the last reality of the universe, Eternal love bearing sin", and so reconciling all things to God in Christ, making peace by the blood of the cross.

    It takes theology of that seriousness to instill in our practices and observance of the Lord's Supper, a corresponding seriousness…and joyfulness.

  • The table where love bids us welcome – and as guests we sit, and eat.

    "At the table as nowhere else, we are the Lord's, not ours. We are not ours and he is not ours. We need not worry there about our destiny. We do not have to justify our existence there.  I don't know about you but I find that freedom and gift nowhere else completely. Probably we have not been enough amazed at that incredible gift God has granted us in the mystery of the table. There we need only yield our lives over to God. That is all! As such, the table stands in contrast to, if not in protest against, all the ways we have to make it the rest of the time. Now I want you not to miss the polemical point I am suggesting by starting our discussion of shalom at the table. I have the impression that most of us, and perhaps we cannot do otherwise, want to talk about shalom as task, or as discipleship, or (perish the thought) as "works", as more we have to do. And if we start there, we not only betray the mystery of the table, but also we doom our shaloming to failure, either in pride or despair, before we ever begin.

    But it does begin at the table, it always does. And the promise to us is that the church that lets the historic mystery fashion its life can hear the word and be empowered to live in and toward the new age of shalom."

    Brueggemann, Living Toward a Vision, page 143-4.

    Shalom Now, if you've a mind to, read the Brueggemann extracts from the last three posts one after the other, and feel the cumulative passion, harnessed to biblical conviction, and made the more persuasive by the pastoral plausibility of the implausible mystery he is urging the church to cherish and live within.

    I guess Brueggemann publishes too much, and that there is repetition and quality variation in the volumes that occupy at least a metre of bookshelf space in my studies (yes, one at home and one at College – a situation that has its own logistic challenges). But this early book on Shalom is still amongst the most pastorally engaged, and 30 years on speaks in its revised form with a voice that has learned much from the Hebrew prophetic literature he has spent a lifetime teaching. This book is for those who believe Christian existence is about being a witnessing community, embodying and practising our convictions in the lived realities of the Gospel, our lives both surrendered gift and flawed amateur performance of the way of Jesus. Here Brueggemann has the wisdom to underplay our urges towards controlled and managed discipleship, and to dare challenge our less than subtle belief in, dependence upon, our self-generated "works" based approach to church life. And nowhere more than in these several pages on the mystery of the table, where he restores the essential connection between the life of shalom and our recognition of our status – humble guests at the table where Love bids us welcome and bids us sit and eat. 

  • At the Table is where we encounter the Real.

    "At the table as nowhere else we are made aware that true life is in mystery and not in management. At the table there is now worry about members or budget, but only the reminder of meaning given  that we don't have to explain or manufacture.  It is overpowering, when we reflect on it, that all the key verbs  in that drama have him as subject and not us.  We are the subject of no important active verbs at the table. He took, and he blessed and he broke and he gave to us again. It is his table; we are welcome guests and we don't fix the menu or pay the bill."

    Brueggemann, Living Toward a Vision, page 143

    L_transfiguration It's such concise theological guidance that makes this book one of the very best things Brueggemann has written – and it's amongst his first publications. His words come as such an effective antidote to the veiled selfishness that passes for our ecclesial activism, programmatic evangelism and missional (miss)-management. I wonder when evangelical activists will recover the real drama of God's mission, really and truly embodied and proclaimed in the broken bread and poured wine shared around a table that is not ours? In a digitally experienced and ICT expert culture, the simple enactment of breaking bread and passing a shared cup becomes a proclaimed Gospel, a gift of grace so framed in mystery and profundity it is scandalously enigmatic to minds used to more sophisticated encounters with virtual reality and impatient with the gift and demand of a Real Presence.

     

  • We shall understand shalom at the table….

    Palmcross At the table we eat and drink to another reality  and toward another order. And if we are to understand shalom at all,…we shall understand it at the table. It is at the table as nowhere else that we get our minds off ourselves long enough to think of His promises and His tasks. Most of the time the church is busy worrying about wellbeing, survival, reputation, success. At the table we occasionally get these temptation in perspective and see that they do not really matter./ No doubt it is not possible for us as the church, any more than any other commmunity, to live always with that demanding reassuring awareness. But what a marvel and a gift! We have given to us, and can value that moment of truth when we come face to face with realities  that let us get free of our immobilising self-preoccupation.

    Walter Brueggemann, Living Toward a Vision (United Church Press, 1982), 143.

  • Where in the world? The table, is where.

    Heading towards New Year I've been thinking about the church. 

    Where in all the cultural flux of the times?

    where in the midst of spiritual pessimism not unrelated to economic gloom?

    where in the massed choir of competing voices that is our digital cyber inhabited environment; where in our confusion, anxiety and driven existence?

    where, is there a place to stand, or to sit, and regain a sense of perspectve?

    Where is there a centre that will hold against the centrifugal and centripetal forces of a world complex and dangerous, self-destructively greedy and unable to curb the human appetite to possess, have power over, and assert the will to life and power over against the imperative to be on the side of life itself?

    Where is the place where the church's life is renewed, it's purpose reconstituted, its raison d'etre reaffirmed and its mission reconfigured.

    Breadwine The table, is where.

    Gathered in Jesus' name, around the sacred table, sharing blessed bread and wine, hearing again the Gospel promise, giving again our deepest love, owning again our deepest longings, and realising that our loves and longings derive their importance from that which is prior to them – the love of God in Christ made known in the Spirit.

    To the question where, the answer of the Christian heart will be – there, at the table.

    How that works out in the theology and practice of each Christian community has been told with succint pointedness by Walter Brueggemann. The next few days I'll post Brueggemann's take on the central importanc eof the Gospel table, the place where shalom is proclaimed and from which it is to be lived.


     

  • Salley Vickers, Pastoral Care and the Complexity of Human Love

    I have a very good friend who has an all but uncritical enthusiasm for Salley Vickers' novel, Miss Garnet's Angel, the first of her books I read. Another friend, Geoff Colmer, has been at me to read Vickers' The Other Side of You. I'm getting there Geoff! But I recently picked up a couple of other novels by Vickers in the Old Aberdeen Bookshop, an establishment I have no hesitation in advertising here. (Organised, discerning, reasonable prices, a proprietor who leaves you to browse without ignoring you – The Old Aberdeen Book Shop 140 Spital ABERDEEN Aberdeenshire AB24 3JU tel: 01224 658355 map.).

    51M8SG47FGL._SL500_AA300_ So having read Mr Golightly's Holiday, a strange novel, somewhere between modern novel, and timeless fable with religious overtones and metaphysical undertones, I've just finished Instances of the Number 3.

    I'm beginning to notice recurring themes, recognise the wise interpretive voice of the author, and becoming familiar with the narrative contexts Vickers creates as she examines and explores the topography of human relationships. Mostly her novels are about love of one kind or another – its failures and triumphs, its capacity to mortally wound and miraculously heal, its puzzling complexity and frightening simplicity, its power to extend forgiveness to the heartbroken or to withhold absolution and peace from those who make life choices that deny love's sovereign demands.

    But love is neither to be domesticated to human whims, nor limited by the all too human urgency of selfish desire which is indeed love's negation. Vickers is a Jungian psychoanalyst; she is also an accomplished literary scholar; in addition she is a consummate observer of human motivation, behaviour and character; which makes her a consummate novelist. So metaphysics, religious experience, supernatural phenomena, the world of high art and serious literature, become in Vickers novels important perspective giving lenses into human aspiration as it grows or diminishes in the life and circumstances of the characters she creates. And she creates characters who are immensely persuasive, attractive, instructive – the outcome of the story matters because the destiny of the characters matters to the reader. 

    Two-women-reading-001 Instances of the Number 3 is a novel that requires of the reader certain things. First a more than curious interest in what it is we are all looking for, hoping for, longing for, suffering from in those relationships that matter most to us – love. Second, a willingness to read slowly, and read much of the novel more than once in the first reading, in order to apprehend, and comprehend, the comments of the authorial voice, less didactic than George Eliot, but often as ethically perceptive and psychologically enlightening. Third, a patience with a writer who assumes her readers know enough about art and literature to grasp the more important allusions in chapters and passages of pivotal significance. But fourthly, a willingness to learn the art of sympathy and hopefulness, because Vickers' characters are on the whole likeable, flawed, people caught in the snares of circumstance, or constrained by previous life choices, so now longing for new purpose, direction and meaning, and all of this within the sphere of human relationships.

      Good-samaritan I've said it here before – there are entire mornings in pastoral theology seminars when students would learn so much about themselves by reading novels. How the human heart works, about the constraints and disappointments, the quiet patient sacrifices that love both requires and bestows, and about how there are experiences and situations in all of our lives that are not resolved by changing them, but by recognising that their givenness and intractable nature, and how we respond to them, is what makes us.  And no, this isn't a review of a Salley Vickers novel. It's more and less than that. It is a push and a plea to those who dare claim the work of the cure of souls is their vocation. To take time to read those writers who sharpen our insight, ignite our imagination, stimulate emotional sympathy, teach us to interpret a life story – our own and that of others, and do so by drawing us into and involving us in their stories, where so much of our own experience is rehearsed, or questioned, or touched with the coal from the altar so that we understand ourselves more compassionately, see ourselves more honestly, and so speak of ourselves more modestly, and mercifully.

    As one reviewer said there is an "essential optimism" in Vickers' writing. And there are sentences in her novels that are amongst the wisest counsel I have ever received from the pen of someone who has never met me, but who has, it would seem, been reading my private journal and plagiarising my experience.

    (The photograph above is included just because it is a great photograph of avid readers! It came from here and I gladly acknowledge its use.)

  • The theological possibilities of a Pre-Raphaelite sketch

    Burne Jones, study of virgin and child Burne Jones is famous for his Christmas angels. But this sketch of Mary and the infant Jesus has delicacy of touch and gentleness of line, and softness of tone.

    Of course the subject matter has inspired great masterpieces from iconography to Renaissance masters, but I've often been moved more by the preliminary sketch, the idea in outline, which seems to be the more expressive for not being fixed and made permanent in a final work.

    This is an idea being born, its incompleteness and preliminary status suggesting a living conception, a paradox of provisionality and finality, because it portrays its subject in definitive lines.

    Is there a theological claim, or at least a theological clue, when the incarnation is portrayed in such ambiguity, the sketch that points to the masterpiece, but which stands in its own integrity even if the masterpiece is never attempted. The divine makes do with the human, the eternal inhabits time, spirit is embodied in flesh, and thus God comes to the world as the Creator to the creature, and inhabits the limitations of God's own art. Maybe so, or not. In any case, this is beautiful – and beauty itself points to God.

  • The Cost of Being Joseph, and Loving Mary.

    The_nativity_1650s_XX_munich_germany

     

     

     

    For years U A Fanthorpe wrote a Christmas poem for her friends.

    These and other Christmas poems are now gathered in the Collected Poems.

    A favourite is the one about Joseph – not because it's great poetry, it isn't – but it is imaginative psychology with just enough theology to hold it together.

    And Poussin's painting shows him suitably worried and wondering what in Gabriel's name he's got himself into!

     

     

    I am Joseph

    I am Joseph, carpenter,

    Of David’s kingly line,

    I wanted an heir; discovered

    My wife’s son wasn't mine.

     

    I am an obstinate lover,

    Loved Mary for better or worse,

    Wouldn't stop loving when I found

    Someone Else came first.

     

    Mine was the likeness I hoped for

    When the first-born man-child came.

    But nothing of him was me. I couldn't

    Even choose his name.

     

    I am Joseph, who wanted

    To teach my own boy how to live.

    My lesson for my foster son:

    Endure. Love. Give.

  • The Adoration of the Magi: Comparing and Contrasting Cultural Assumptions.

    Illustration for modern french bible Browsing for different art images of the adoration of the Magi I came across this from a modern illustrated French Bible.

    Can't think of any profound observations to make. The mixture of ethnic and cartoon art give it lightness, movement and though the whole thing seems slightly eccentric, that adds to the strangeness.

    In any case what is more strange than three powerful scholar nobles, crossing several national borders through the desert to reach an obscure out sized village at the back of beyond in occupied Judea, carrying valuable gifts, and offering them reverently while kneeling at the feet of a peasant woman who has just given birth so far as the world knows, to a child of dubious parenthood?

    One of the functions of cartoon art is to nudge us out of the familiar and confront us with a strangeness that may be more true than we are ready to admit.

    Flemish unknown adoration Anyway. If what we are looking for is realism, then none of the great art masterpieces come any closer. Each sets the story in the cultural context of the artist. In that sense the strangeness is twofold – the story itself is strange, but then there is the interpretive chasm we need to span and the leap of imagination required for us to have any idea of the meaning of this scene by an unknown Fleish artist, for 15th Century Renaissance Europeans, many still unable to read, but living through the cultural flux of new knowledge challenging old certainties.

    That two such different pieces of art could refer to the same biblical incident, and portray them with cultural congruence despite a gap of 400 years and generations of historical and cultural change, seems to suggest that art is its own kind of exegesis, or eisegesis; and each artist is one whose hermeneutic approach like our own, is culturally conditioned, historically limited and theologically partial. None of which need be a problem if we are open to learn, to compare, to critique and then to look again at the story and its meaning for our own time. Whatever else art does, it cautions against that first instinct to pin down a story to a single meaning, and opens up meanings we never imagined before.

  • The Theological Possibilities in a Damaged Painting of the Nativity

    Fra lippi nativity From countless depictions of the Nativity I have chosen this one by Fra Filippo Lippi (mid 1400's), because paradoxically it says something the artist intended but not in the way it now appears.

    What do I mean? Mary's robe was originally painted in blue, a tradition of honouring Mary by sparing no expense in portraying her purity, beauty and sanctity. On this painting the blue was a thin coat on dry plaster, rather than blue pigment mixed into the plaster in a true fresco. Over the centuries the colour has degraded into grey. This cost-cutting device has the unintentional irony of portraying Mary as she saw herself, a poor handmaiden unworthy of honour. Thus an upmarket depiction of the Nativity now shows Mary in a flaked and entirely faded cloak. "He was rich yet became poor, that we through his poverty might become rich". So many Renaissance paintings of the Nativity are all but perfect; their codes and symbols, narrative drive and cultural context, theology and piety, their execution and technique – the finest art the world has ever seen.

    Perhaps especially at Christmas, we are helped to see the scandal and the loss, the cost and the consequence, the trust and the terror, the extraordinary ordinariness of the Word made flesh, and the frightened courage of the Mother of the Son of God sharing that poverty as an act of self impoverishing faith in a God who somtimes asks the impossible, and then by divine grace enables and embraces human trust, so winning the response of the human heart.

    Perhaps. A happy and thoughtful Christmas to all who come by here regularly. Because for Christians Christmas is a time when joy should be unconfined, and thought too!