The "Which Theologian are You" quiz can be done here. It sets a lot of theological questions and you show how far you agree/disagree. Then it works out which theologian your theological profile best fits. Seems straightforward enough. I came out as 100% Jurgen Moltmann – and I’m not sure I’ve ever had a 100% for anything before! Here’s the result and the summary of who I am theologically and what matters to me theologically, according to this quiz. ………………………. You are Jurgen Moltmann.
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……………………………………………………………. OK now for the disclaimers
Now as for the quiz itself I have a few awkward questions.
I am going to put a few quotations together for a later blog, with Moltmann and Edwards alongside each other – a parallel of opposites who from different perspectives and contexts know a thing or two about theology as doxology, and the theologian’s task of expounding the God of Grace and Glory. |
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Jurgen Moltmann meets Jonathan Edwards
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Who’s an Evangelical then?
Several recent outbreaks of Bibliophilia have resulted in additions to the recent acquisitions shelf. I’m already well into the most recent volume of the IVP History of Evangelicalism. One of the taunting howls of Aberdeen football supporters is ‘Who are ye?’. It isn’t a polite enquiry to ascertain the names of newly discovered acquaintances – it’s a demand for self-definition, with the assumption that whoever you are, you are of little consequence anyway.
The same question is often asked by and about evangelicals – ‘Who are ye?’ This history series is a major contribution to Evangelical definition and description through historical study. Here’s who the people who have used the term ‘evangelical’ are – as they have lived within the cultural and social context of their times from early 18th century to now.
The value of this series lies in the decision that all five volumes will explore the Evangelical movement internationally, in particular throughout the English speaking world – Britain, America, West Indies, Australia, New zealand and South Africa. The description and analysis of Evangelicalism as a movement reveals vitality and variety, and creates a quite different perspective on who are and who aren’t ‘evnagelical’. And this for me creates a wish that those who use the word ‘evangelical’ would have a greater awareness of a tradition so rich, adaptable and effective in its service to the Kingdom of God, and not hijack it for their own exclusive agendas.
The Rise of Evangelicalism, Mark Noll. Noll is the premier church historian in the US, and this book, along with the others in the series, maps the beginnings and progress of the Evangelical movement that emerged on both sides of the Atlantic from the early 18th Century onwards. Key figures are the Wesleys, George Whitefield, and Jonathan Edwards
The Expansion of Evangelicalism, John Wolffe. Explores the social and political contexts within which Evangelicalism developed, looking at the consolidations of people like John Newton, Wilberforce, Charles Simeon, the revivalist Charles Finney, and Hannah More. Traces the growing influence of the evangelical voice in the areas of social policy and moral and cultural critique.
The Dominance of Evangelicalism, David Bebbington. The nonconformist conscience and the evangelical voice were dominant influences in Victorian society and in the years following the American Civil War. The age of Moody and Spurgeon is presented with verve and ease which don’t disguise the erudition of the acknowledged expert in the field of Evangelical history.
So, having read Noll and Bebbington earlier, I am now well into Wolffe’s volume and have enjoyed especially the descriptions of the early camp meetings on the American frontiers, and the in your face tactics of the itinerant preachers. And then to read about such exotic groups as the ‘Magic Methodists’ of Cheshire and the ‘Kirkgate Screamers’ of Leeds, is to realise that early charismatic expressions of faith earned such nicknames in a context of ridicule and rejection.
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Exclusive banks in an allegedly inclusive society
This from my AOL homescreen
A bank is to launch a "premier" branch where only the wealthiest customers will be allowed face-to-face services.
HSBC, which advertises itself as the "world’s local bank", is operating the service at Canford Cliffs in Dorset, where properties sell for up to £8 million.
From June, to be eligible to use the advisers at the branch, customers must have £50,000 savings, or a £200,000 mortgage, or a £100,000 mortgage and £75,000 salary, or pay a £19.95 a month "premier" account fee.
So how do we "serve God wittily in the tangle of our minds", and respond to this nonsense. Of the qualifying criteria to be treated as a human being by HSBC, I could, at a push, manage the £19.95 premier account fee. That’s £239.40 per annum in order to qualify for an encounter with a human face, and exchange conversation about ‘filthy lucre’ with a human voice. This is the bank that advertises itself as the ‘world’s local bank’!!
Now supposing I needed a loan, was worried about my overdraft, was on a low income and needed advice on how to make the best use of my local ‘world’s local bank’? Or supposing I was a pensioner on a fixed income – for me, not as daft or far off an idea as it used to be, huh? How did this bank ever dream up such an offensive idea as a ‘premier’ branch that offers only to the wealthy what any bank used to offer as part of the privilege of handling your money?
As a balancing act of social justice, would HSBC be prepared in underprivileged areas to make available debt and budgetting specialists to help people manage more effectively the little they have? In the spirit of the rules outlined above for the wealthy:
To be eligible to use the advisers at these branches customers must have less than £1000 savings, be unable to afford the deposit for a mortgage, or require Benefits help with the rent, qualify for tax credits, or be on a fixed or low income.
Aye right, Jim.
Dream on, son!
Not a snowball’s chance!
Why the scepticism though? After all, as the Wise Sage says, ‘He who gives to the poor will not want, but he who hides his eyes will get many a curse…He who closes his ear to the cry of the poor will himself cry out and not be heard.’ (Proverbs 28.27; 21.13). Does the Wise Sage mean us to text these texts to HSBC – and appeal to their long term self-interest???
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Running as an act of faith
…And if the sleep has left your ears
You might hear footsteps
followed close by heavy breathing…
Reminded of this song (Elusive Butterfly) when I watched the Val Doonican nostalgia hour on telly last week – how sad is that you ask? Not the slightest, I retort – decent, pleasant, unassuming, he was the king of easy listening for a while – and he’s still easy to listen to – talking or singing. No – not sad at all…just a thoroughly likeable human being whose gentleness might not be as marketable as it once was – interesting comment on contemporary TV – why isn’t gentleness marketable? What do we prefer instead? HMMM?
Anyway, the three liner quoted earlier refers not so much to my murky musical past as my sweaty physical present. Recently I’ve started running longer distances building up to 10k – the heavy breathing, I’ve discovered kicks in seriously around 7-8k, after which – at my present fitness levels – it’s about gritted teeth, aching legs and a glowering or pleading relationship with each passing lamppost, keep going……….. just one more lamppost…………. then another………. come on wimp argue with the pain…… nearly there…… look at the watch.
Running as personal discipline.
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The Rule of St Benedict starts with the Psalm verse ‘teach me to run in the way of your commandments’. So usually sometime during this self-chosen ordeal I think of the spiritual discipline / gift of perseverance and gulp in and out as a fervent prayer, ‘run with perseverance the race that is set before you…’. Now and again Paul’s words have a more critical note – phrases from my current study of Galatians ‘You were running well, who hindered you….?’ Running as training in perseverance and not giving up.
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As an older man ( well I am, even if I don’t look my age – I’m not as old as Val Doonican and I’m not as old as I look!!!!!) – as an older man, I understand what it meant in Jesus’ unforgettable story that the waiting father risked doing himself serious mischief by running down the road to meet and embrace his son, without doing any warm-up or light pre-training. As the old biblical expositors used to say, stating the obvious because only then do we notice the obvious – ‘note the Son wasn’t at the door….nor was he just at the end of the street – no, my friends, it was "while he was a great way off", his father ran to meet him’. The distance matters, because the father probably ran the length of the village and out towards the edges of his own fields and then his neighbours’ fields – (maybe not 10k but a challenging middle distance jaunt just the same – and done at sprint pace for an ageing parent).
Running as love impatient for meeting, and running as love’s index of cherished significance.
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Every one of the gospels speaks of disciples and witnesses running to or from the empty tomb.
Mark says they ran away afraid, and if we’re honest so would we. Matthew has one lot of bemused ex-followers running to tell the other disciples and then they are all ex-ex-followers – the two negatives of restored faith.
Luke has Peter running to the Tomb urged on by that potent mixture of disbelief and unprecedented hope.
John has women witnesses running to tell the self-absorbed mostly male others; and then Peter and the beloved disciple (who weren’t in such good condition as the other disciples it seems) puffing and peching their way towards the miracle that would leave them speechless as well as breathless.
Running as excitement and urgency on the way to hope.
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So maybe the sounds of my footsteps and my heavy breathing are not only my attempts to stay in some kind of condition, but are evidence that I too am in pursuit of something essential, desirable:
…across my dreams,
with nets of wonder
I chase the bright elusive butterfly of love.
What has always attracted me to this song is that word elusive – and its combination of wistfulness, attraction and hopefulness that seem to me to lie very close to what faith is. And the butterfly, those fragile beautiful creatures emerging from their chrysalis, metamorphosed, transformed, glorified – symbols of the newness and the beauty of the life of Christ – the resurrected Lord, and His life in us, made known in a love that will neither coerce nor ever give up.
To live my life in pursuit of, and in the strength of that love, is the deepest purpose of my life, and well worth all the puffing and peching it takes ‘to run in the way of His commandments…to press on towards the high calling of God in Christ Jesus’.
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Holidays and James Denney
This coming week is a mixture of visiting friends, walking the east cost beaches and coastlines, having meals with other friends, reading a couple of saved-up books that you want to read with minimum interruptions, cooking and sharing a couple of our favourite meals, and doing a quality check on several of our favourite coffee / home-baking haunts. So no blogging this week till Friday, or even Saturday. Which is just another way of saying we’re having our Easter break.
But as a thought for the week following Easter, some words from James Denney, from an unpublished paper on The Gospel of Paul. They express Denney’s Colossian view of Christ, an understanding of Christ so radically renovating for the believing mind, that it required an entirely different worldview:
[Christ is] the last reality in the universe, the ens realissimum, the ultimate truth through which and by relation to which all things must be defined and understood…
The presence of God in Christ is the primary certainty; and that certainty carries with it for him the requirement of a specifically Christian view of the universe. Paul would not be true to Christ, as Christ had revealed Himself to him in experience, unless he had the courage to Christianise all his thoughts of God and the world…
He is not directly deifying Christ, he is Christianising the universe…he is casting upon all creation and redemption the steadfast and unwavering light of the divine presence of which he was assured in Christ.
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John Updike: Poetry of the Passion
Other than this poem about Easter, I don’t know much else of John Updike’s poetry – and I haven’t read his novels either. This poem came onto my horizon a year or two ago and I was immediately attracted by its robust impatience with any softening of the scandal of the resurrection. The poem proceeds on the assumption that Paul wan’t kidding – if Christ hasn’t been raised the church is wasting its time, and is largely a waste of space in an already crowded world.
To read this poem, alongside 1 Corinthians 15, and after reading one of the Gospel resurrection narratives, is an exercise in theological clarity and historical particularity. Christ is risen – was dead and is alive – death is defeated – graves are robbed by grace – if Christ be not risen we are of all people the most miserable. But He is risen – risen indeed – so today is a day of rejoicing and feasting, of loving and hoping, of celebrating life and affirming the persistent creativity and plenitude of God’s love – nowhere more evident than in the incarnation, ministry, death, resurrection and living eternal reality of Jesus Christ, Son of God, Saviour.
Seven Stanzas at Easter
John Updike (1932)
Make no mistake: if He rose at all
it was as His body;
if the cells’ dissolution did not reverse, the molecules
reknit, the amino acids rekindle,
the Church will fall..
It was not as the flowers,
each soft Spring recurrent;
it was not as His Spirit in the mouths and fuddled
eyes of the eleven apostles;
it was as His flesh: ours..
The same hinged thumbs and toes,
the same valved heart
that–pierced–died, withered, paused, and then
regathered out of enduring Might
new strength to enclose..
Let us not mock God with metaphor,
analogy, sidestepping, transcendence;
making of the event a parable, a sign painted in the
faded credulity of earlier ages:
let us walk through the door..
The stone is rolled back, not papier-mâché,
not a stone in a story,
but the vast rock of materiality that in the slow
grinding of time will eclipse for each of us
the wide light of day..
And if we will have an angel at the tomb,
make it a real angel,
weighty with Max Planck’s quanta, vivid with hair,
opaque in the dawn light, robed in real linen
spun on a definite loom..
Let us not seek to make it less monstrous,
for our own convenience, our own sense of beauty,
lest, awakened in one unthinkable hour, we are
embarrassed by the miracle,
and crushed by remonstrance. -
Denise Levertov: Poetry of the Passion
Denise Levertov was one of America’s finest 20th Century poets. A political activist, outspoken and passionately opposed to the Vietnam war, her poems are life affirming and persistent in hopefulness. In 1984 she converted to Christianity – so the poem below is an interesting indicator of her mind and spirit in pilgrimage, travelling hopefully.
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Many of her later poems use explicitly Christian metaphors and images – but this one captures for me the hopefulness of hope, the trustfulness of faith, and the absolute fragility of a human life exposed to all the possibilities of brokenness. On Holy Saturday, that dark mystery when nothing was happening, the time of fearful waiting before that First Resurrection morning, this brief poem celebrates the nature of hope as propagated by telling and sharing – the body of the crucified Jesus, ‘unlikely source, clumsy and earth covered of grace’.
“For the New Year,1981”
Denise Levertov (1923-1997).
I have a small grain of hope
one small crystal that gleams
clear colors out of transparency.
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I need more.
I break off a fragment
to send you.
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Please take
this grain of a grain of hope
so that mine won’t shrink.
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Please share your fragment
so that yours will grow.
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Only so, by division,
will hope increase,
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like a clump of irises, which will cease to flower
unless you distribute
the clustered roots, unlikely source
clumsy and earth-covered
of grace.
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W H Vanstone: Poetry of the Passion
Around the time Moltmann’s The Crucified God was published, a slim book of pastoral and constructive theology was published, with the telling title, Love’s Endeavour, Love’s Expense. Some of Moltmann’s finest insights into the love of God were anticipated in this slim volume. Canon William Hubert Vanstone (whose contribution to church economic theory was to sell the vicarage furniture to pay for the repair of the church roof!) wrote of his ministry in a commuter estate in the sixties and seventies, and of his search for a theology that would sustain the church in its mission, and himself in his vocation. I’ve read this book several times through, and countless times revisited some of its finest passages. I’ll blog on this book later, but on Good Friday I again turn to Vanstone’s book, and the hymn with which it concludes. He speaks of the precariousness of love, and insists love can have no guaranteed outcome, and that the love of God is expressed precisely in this risk-filled vulnerability of self-giving – the cross is Love’s Endeavour, Love’s Expense.
“Morning glory, starlit sky”
W H Vanstone (1923-1999)
1. Morning glory, starlit sky,
soaring music, scholar’s truth,
flight of swallows, autumn leaves,
memory’s treasure, grace of youth:
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2. Open are the gifts of God,
gifts of love to mind and sense;
hidden is love’s agony,
love’s endeavor, love’s expense.
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3. Love that gives, gives ever more,
gives with zeal, with eager hands,
spares not, keeps not, all outpours,
ventures all its all expends.
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4. Drained is love in making full,
bound in setting others free,
poor in making many rich,
weak in giving power to be.
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5. Therefore he who shows us God
helpless hangs upon the tree;
and the nails and crown of thorns
tell of what God’s love must be.
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6. Here is God: no monarch he,
throned in easy state to reign;
here is God, whose arms of love
aching, spent, the world sustain.
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Brian Wren: Poetry of the Passion
Brian Wren’s hymns are amongst the freshest, at times the most provocative, of contemporary offerings. His book What language Shall I Borrow, sets the benchmark for deconstructing the masculine, power-based language of many traditional hymns. Wren would not subscribe to any theory of the feminisation of the church, simply because the church in its classic traditions continues to marginalise women. The church has achieved this, Wren argues, by cultural default and deliberate intent, by using language of power shaped by male oriented images, and many of these borrowed uncritically from earlier patriarchal societies – though Wren has no illusions about the patriarchal nature of much contemporary church life and assumptions. As a result, historically the church has largely been theologically resistant to a biblically informed revision of imagery and metaphor, which would provide a more balanced approach to human gender as a theological implicate of the imago dei. Wren’s academic study was on the poetry of the Hebrew prophets – he knows about poetry, images and their theological payload.
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The hymn below is one of my favourite expressions of worship that takes Jesus seriously as the One who reveals God, and that takes just as seriously human failing, guilt and aspiration to recover the sense of being reconciled through love to the living, loving God. The penultimate verse is made for Maundy Thursday, but the whole hymn is replete with Easter themes. Sung to the tune of the Sussex Carol it combines resurrection confidence with the costly work of Good Friday.
“Love is making all things new”
Great God, your love has called us here
as we, by love, for love were made.
Your living likeness still we bear,
though marred, dishonored, disobeyed.
We come, with all our heart and mind,
your call to hear, your love to find.
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We come with self-inflicted pains
of broken trust and chosen wrong;
half-free, half-bound by inner chains;
by social forces swept along,
by powers and systems close confined;
yet seeking hope for humankind.
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Great God, in Christ you call our name
and then receive us as your own
not through some merit, right, or claim,
but by your gracious love alone.
We strain to glimpse your mercy seat
and find you kneeling at our feet.
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Then take the towel, and break the bread,
and humble us, and call us friends.
Suffer and serve till all are fed,
and show how grandly love intends
to work till all creation sings,
to fill all worlds, to crown all things.
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Great God, in Christ you set us free,
your life to live, your joy to share.
Give us your Spirit's liberty
to turn from guilt and dull despair
and offer all that faith can do
while love is making all things new.
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Poetry of the Passion
Today is my day for blogging at hopeful imagination. The poem is one of my recent discoveries – and its story shows why still, hopeful imagination is a necessary Christian virtue in a dangerous world.
Yesterday and the day before I cleaned the lock-block drive with a power hose and got into a mucky mess. There’s something therapeutic about removing 6 years grime, moss and the detritus of car tyres and bird offerings – clean stone is so, well, ….clean. Next therapy is painting the white roughcast of the house – more symbolic acts of whiter than snow, cleaner than clean; then as my contribution to restoring order on a disordered creation, I’ll include re-shaping the 25 foot trees at the front of the house. If all that is accomplished it will feel like I’ve been on holiday, huh?